When is hcl strong

Nitrate ion. Hydronium ion. Oxalic acid. Hydrogen oxalate ion. Sulfurous acid. HSO 3 -. Hydrogen sulfite ion. SO 4 Sulfate ion. Phosphoric acid. Dihydrogen phosphate ion. Nitrous acid. HNO 2.

Nitrite ion. Hydrofluoric acid. Fluoride ion. Strong acids have high K a or small pK a values, weak acids have very small K a values or large pK a values. Be careful not to confuse the terms strong and weak with concentrated and dilute. A concentrated acid is one that contains a low amount of water. In other words, the acid is concentrated. A dilute acid is an acidic solution that contains a lot of solvent. If you have 12 M acetic acid, it's concentrated, yet still a weak acid. No matter how much water you remove, that will be true.

On the flip side, a 0. You can drink diluted acetic acid the acid found in vinegar , yet drinking the same concentration of sulfuric acid would give you a chemical burn. The reason is that sulfuric acid is highly corrosive, while acetic acid is not as active.

While acids tend to be corrosive, the strongest superacids carboranes are actually not corrosive and could be held in your hand. Hydrofluoric acid, while a weak acid, would pass through your hand and attack your bones.

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Create a personalised content profile. Measure ad performance. However, acids can be very different in a very important way. Consider HCl aq. HC 2 H 3 O 2 is an example of a weak acid:.

The majority of acids are weak. On average, only about 1 percent of a weak acid solution dissociates in water in a 0. Vinegars : All vinegars contain acetic acid, a common weak acid. Weak acids ionize in a water solution only to a very moderate extent. The generalized dissociation reaction is given by:. The strength of a weak acid is represented as either an equilibrium constant or a percent dissociation. The equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products are related by the acid dissociation constant expression, K a :.

The K a of weak acids varies between 1. Acids with a K a less than 1. If acids are polyprotic, each proton will have a unique K a. For example, H 2 CO 3 has two K a values because it has two acidic protons. The first K a refers to the first dissociation step:. This K a value is 4. The second K a is 4. The K a of acetic acid is [latex]1. What is the pH of a solution of 1 M acetic acid?