People who have bipolar disorder have wide-ranging symptoms. During the depressive state, they might feel hopeless and deeply sad. They may have thoughts of suicide or self-harm. Mania produces totally opposite symptoms, but can be just as damaging. Individuals experiencing a manic episode might engage in risky financial and sexual behaviors, have feelings of inflated self-esteem, or use drugs and alcohol to excess.
Bipolar disorder in children is called early-onset bipolar disorder. It presents somewhat differently than it does in adults. Kids may cycle between the extremes more frequently and have more severe symptoms on both ends of the spectrum. ADHD is most often diagnosed during childhood. Boys tend to have higher rates of ADHD than girls. Diagnoses have been made as early as age 2 or 3. There are a variety of symptoms that can express themselves uniquely in each individual, including:. Some are naturally more active or distractible than others.
People diagnosed with ADHD may also experience higher rates of coexisting conditions, including:. One of the biggest differences between the two is that bipolar disorder primarily affects mood, whereas ADHD primarily affects behavior and attention. In addition, people with bipolar disorder cycle through different episodes of mania or hypomania, and depression.
People with ADHD, on the other hand, experience chronic symptoms. Both children and adults can have these disorders, but ADHD is typically diagnosed in younger individuals. ADHD symptoms usually begin at a younger age than bipolar disorder symptoms. Bipolar disorder symptoms usually appear in young adults or older teens.
Genetics may also play a role in developing either condition. You should share any related family history with your doctor to help with diagnosis. According to a study published in , 4. If you suspect that you or someone you love might have either of these conditions, speak with your doctor or get a referral to a psychiatrist.
Your doctor will focus on treating your symptoms with the help of certain drugs and psychotherapy. Some children with bipolar disorder will harm animals, or experience hallucinations and psychotic symptoms of paranoia from a young age. Children diagnosed with conduct disorder or oppositional defiant disorder are at a higher risk of having bipolar disorder. Patients with both ADHD and bipolar disorder face a greater risk of suicide and other health threats, in part because the symptoms they experience of both conditions tend to be more intense and severe if left untreated.
Patients with both conditions also tend to demonstrate symptoms of bipolar disorder earlier in life. This early age of onset is often paired with and muddied by a higher incidence of other comorbid psychiatric disorders and poorer overall functioning. Psychopharmacologically, the medications used to treat ADHD and bipolar disorder are completely different. People with bipolar respond very well to mood stabilizers, which are indicated for classic bipolar I with episodes of week-long depressive symptoms followed by week-long mania.
Anti-convulsants and anti-psychotics are the treatment of choice for bipolar II and not otherwise specified bipolar spectrum disorders.
Antidepressants prescribed for misdiagnosed depression can help with low emotional states, but they do nothing for mania. In fact, the SSRIs used to treat depression can make bipolar disorder much, much worse. Stimulant medications can actually make bipolar symptoms worse, often triggering a manic episode. Other patients may find that their manic episodes are triggered by the chaos of untreated ADHD symptoms and executive dysfunction; for them, a stimulant medication that keeps ADHD in check may lessen the frequency of bipolar mania.
Often more effective are psychological treatments designed to minimize the ADHD symptoms that may trigger a bipolar episode. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a powerful tool for controlling ADHD symptoms, as in maintaining health and wellness with a consistent sleep routine and a low-sugar, high-protein diet.
Finding support and understanding from family and friends universally benefits patients. Roberto Olivardia, Ph. Suicide attempts in bipolar disorder patients. It appears JavaScript is disabled in your browser. Please enable JavaScript and refresh the page in order to complete this form. Why is bipolar disorder missed or misdiagnosed with such regularity? Several depressive and manic symptoms of bipolar disorder and ADHD symptoms resemble each other in both children and adults.
ADHD is far more common than bipolar disorder. Up to 11 percent of all children in the U. Bipolar disorder, in contrast, impacts just 2. As such, physicians are more likely to recognize and screen for ADHD. Once considered an adult condition, bipolar disorder does begin in childhood but its symptoms are difficult to diagnose because they so closely mimic other childhood-onset conditions like ADHD and because they are often dismissed as signs of puberty.
What is Bipolar Disorder? Differential Diagnosis: Bipolar Disorder vs. ADHD Clinicians working to differentiate between ADHD and bipolar disorder should conduct a comprehensive, clinical interview that aims to determine whether the following unique signs of bipolar disorder are present: Unlike ADHD, symptoms are seldom apparent at birth, but develop over time The impairment is more chronic and delibitating Mood dysregulation is random or cyclical, not situational Mood is significantly different when not depressed or manic Experiences limbic rage, or mood shifts that are rapid, intense, long-lasting, and highly destructive Family history of bipolar disorder, or family members who have committed suicide or been institutionalized Psychosis, where thinking becomes slippery, delusional, or bizarre Destructiveness or violence Regressive or primitive behavior High trigger sensitivity Feelings of grandiosity Symptoms respond well to mood stabilizers Bipolar vs.
Treatment Psychopharmacologically, the medications used to treat ADHD and bipolar disorder are completely different. Three main classes of medication are used to treat bipolar disorder: Mood stabilizers Lithium Anti-convulsants Divalproex Sodium Depakote Carbamazepine Tegretol Lamotrigine Lamictal Anti-psychotics Olanzapine Zyprexa Ziprasidone Geodon Risperidone Risperdal People with bipolar respond very well to mood stabilizers, which are indicated for classic bipolar I with episodes of week-long depressive symptoms followed by week-long mania.
Jump to Comments. If a person recognizes the signs of ADHD or bipolar disorder in themselves or a child, they should speak to the doctor. Receiving a proper diagnosis and getting the right treatment is the best way to manage ADHD, bipolar disorder, or both conditions. If a person or a child has already received a diagnosis of one of these conditions, this does not mean that they do not also have the other. It is always a good idea to discuss any changes in symptoms with a doctor to help ensure that a person has the right diagnosis and treatment.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD is a neurobehavioral disorder. Find out about the different types of ADHD and the differences in signs…. Hyperarousal is common in people with post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD. The person can become particularly sensitive to things that are happening…. Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD are often managed with medication. It is important to know whether this medication is…. A person with bipolar disorder can sometimes speak in a rapid and disorganized way, especially during a manic phase.
They may speak loudly, with a…. How are bipolar disorder and ADHD different? Medically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, Ph. Bipolar disorder vs. Bipolar disorder and ADHD in children. Coexisting conditions. Share on Pinterest Psychotherapy is a common treatment for bipolar disorder. When to see a doctor.
Exposure to air pollutants may amplify risk for depression in healthy individuals. Costs associated with obesity may account for 3.
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